A key element of the current national military priorities is to be prepared for a fight against China and Russia, which are nuclear-capable powers. This pacing threat highlights the importance for the Department of the Air Force (DAF) to have the ability to integrate nuclear and non-nuclear planning and operations, both for deterrence and to support combatant command operations should deterrence fail. Since the end of the Cold War and the Goldwater Nichols Act, nuclear and conventional planning and operations have been stovepiped. For integrated conventional-nuclear operations, a great deal of coordination and collaboration is needed between the two communities, and the force needs to be able to operate in a nuclear environment. This project will examine the most salient challenges in Doctrine, Organization, Training, Materiel, Leadership and Education, Personnel, Facilities, along with Policy (DOTMLPF-P) relevant to Conventional-Nuclear Integration (CNI) in the DAF. This examination will focus on areas in which research and development of scientific and technical capabilities can enhance CNI. The work would look at DOTMLPF-P elements across the warfighting phases of planning, operations, command and control, sensors for situational awareness, and survivability. The goal of the project is to find the most promising areas for research to advance CNI in the DAF.